Cloud Point Extraction as a Method for Preconcentration of Metal Ions

Abstract

Cloud point extraction (CPE) is an attractive technique that reduces solvent consumption and exposure, disposal costs, and process time. This method has an important practical application and is used to separate and concentrate the analyte as a step before its determination, and after the formation of a poorly water-soluble complex. Use of nonionic surfactants as ”green solvents” which represent an effective alternative to toxic organic solvents (in classical extraction), along with other advantages, such as low cost and low flammability, makes this method attractive and worth further research and optimization. This paper presents a detailed description of the principles, procedure, advantages, disadvantages and application of CPE.